灭菌乳中微纳米塑料污染的风险评估综述

doi:10.12377/1671-4393.25.04.16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 微纳米塑料（MNPs）在环境中广泛存在,其潜在生态毒性及健康风险已成为全球研究热点。MNPs具有良好亲脂性,但灭菌乳中MNPs的污染风险尚未引起关注。本研究分析原奶端及工厂端灭菌乳中MNPs的污染来源,论述MNPs的提取、检测和去除方法,尤其是膜分离技术在乳品行业中的应用。计算人体饮用灭菌乳接触MNPs的估计日摄入量（EDI）和致癌风险指数（MPCR）,论述饮用灭菌乳中MNPs的风险。在此基础上,建议未来研究应重新评估MNPs联合污染物毒性效应及其在动植物体内的转移效率,建立标准化测定方法,以更好地评估MNPs通过食物链向人类富集并危害人类健康的风险。

关键词: 微纳米塑料, 暴露途径, 灭菌乳, 去除, 风险评估

Abstract: Micro nano plastics（MNPs）exist widely in the environment,and their potential ecotoxicity and health risks have become a global research focus. MNPs have good lipophilicity,but the contamination risk of MNPs in sterilized milk has not been concerned. This study analyzed the source of MNPs contamination in raw milk end and factory end sterilized milk,and discussed the extraction,detection and removal methods of MNPs,especially the application of membrane separation technology in dairy industry. The estimated daily intake（EDI） of MNPs and Modified Cancer Risk（MPCR） of human exposure to MNPs in drinking sterilized milk were calculated to discuss the risks of MNPs in drinking sterilized milk. On this basis,it is suggested that future research should re-evaluate the toxic effects of MNPs combined pollutants and their transfer efficiency in animals and plants,and establish standardized determination methods to better assess the risk of MNPs enrichment to humans through the food chain and harm human health.

Key words: micro and nano plastic, exposure pathway, sterilized milk, removal, risk assessment

马宏伟, 许孝峰, 王静, 任魁, 高文杰, 郝瑞霞, 葛旭升. 灭菌乳中微纳米塑料污染的风险评估综述[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(4): 89-96.

MA Hongwei, XU Xiaofeng, WANG Jing, REN Kui, GAO Wenjie, HAO Ruixia, GE Xusheng. A Review of the Risk Assessment of Micro Nano Plastics Contamination in Sterilized Milk[J]. China Dairy, 2025, 0(4): 89-96.

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