中国乳业 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (8): 47-53.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.25.08.08

• 疾病防治 • 上一篇    下一篇

日粮中添加中草药提取物后对奶牛隐性乳腺炎的防控效果

黄晶   

  1. 曹县畜牧服务中心,山东菏泽 274400
  • 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-10
  • 作者简介:黄晶(1977-),女,山东曹县人,本科,中级畜牧师,研究方向为畜牧兽医。

The Effect of Adding Chinese Herbal Extracts to the Diet on the Prevention and Control of Mastitis in Dairy Cows

HUANG Jing   

  1. Cao County Livestock Service Center,Heze Shandong 274400
  • Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-10

摘要: [目的]探讨中草药提取物对奶牛隐性乳腺炎的防控效果。[方法]选取24 头隐性乳腺炎奶牛,随机分为4 组。对照组给予正常饲料,试验组分别饲喂20 g/d、40 g/d和80 g/d的中草药提取物。记录各组奶牛产奶量、奶质量,以及牛髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、丙二醛(MDA)、白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的含量变化。[结果]饲喂40 g/d和80 g/d中草药提取物的奶牛,其产奶量、乳糖率、乳蛋白率显著提高,体细胞数显著减少,同时MPO和LDH的含量下降。此外,GSH、SOD和CAT活性增强,MDA含量降低,炎症因子IL-6、IL-1β和TNF-α的表达显著抑制。[结论]中草药提取物能够有效提高隐性乳腺炎奶牛的产奶量和奶质量,调节乳中活性酶含量,增强抗氧化能力,抑制炎症因子的表达,有良好的防控效果。

关键词: 隐性乳腺炎, 奶牛, 产奶量, 体细胞数

Abstract: [Objective] This study aimed to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine extract (CHME) on subclinical mastitis in dairy cows.[Method] Twenty-four dairy cows with subclinical mastitis were randomly divided into four groups.The control group received a standard diet,while the three treatment groups were supplemented with CHME at 20 g/d,40 g/d,and 80 g/d,respectively.Milk yield,milk composition (including lactose percentage,protein percentage,and somatic cell count), and the levels of key biomarkers were recorded. These biomarkers included myeloperoxidase(MPO),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),glutathione peroxidase (GPX),superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase(CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA),interleukin-6 (IL-6),interleukin-1β (IL-1β),and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).[Result] Cows supplemented with 40 g/d and 80 g/d of CHME exhibited a significant increase in milk yield,lactose percentage,and protein percentage,along with a significant reduction in somatic cell count. Concurrently,the levels of MPO and LDH decreased.Furthermore,the activities of the antioxidant enzymes GPX,SOD,and CAT were enhanced,while MDA content decreased. The expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6,IL-1β,and TNF-α was significantly suppressed.[Conclusion] Chinese herbal medicine extract effectively improved milk yield and quality in cows with subclinical mastitis.It regulated the levels of active enzymes in milk,enhanced antioxidant capacity,and inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines,demonstrating good preventive and therapeutic effects.

Key words: subclinical mastitis, dairy cows, milk yield, somatic cell count

[1] 王天硕,仝静迪,赵岩,等.奶牛金黄色葡萄球菌性乳房炎及预防措施[J].今日畜牧兽医,2024,40(12):39-41.
[2] 徐鸿润,刘沛尧,邢小光,等.益生菌及其替代抗生素治疗奶牛乳腺炎研究进展[J].中国奶牛,2021(10):1-4.
[3] 韩俊伟,杜海燕.基于数据挖掘的中药治疗奶牛乳房炎用药规律分析[J].中国动物保健,2024,26(10):50-51,73.
[4] 彭清洁,蔡大亮,姜鹏,等.蒲公英提取物及其复合酵母培养物对奶牛隐形乳房炎的药效评价[J].中国饲料,2024(5):166-171.
[5] 魏秀丽,李晴,徐恩民,等.蒲公英提取物联合多种抗生素对奶牛乳房炎金黄色葡萄球菌的体外协同抑菌实验[J].中国兽药杂志,2020,54(4):70-76.
[6] 聂德超,张卓,赵琛,等.黄芩苷的生物学功能及在奶牛上的应用研究进展[J].动物营养学报,2022,34(1):83-92.
[7] 李吉鹏,路强.金银花提取物对奶牛生产性能、乳品质及血清免疫指标的影响[J].中国饲料,2023(16):13-16.
[8] 周艳,张涛,郑勤琴,等.连翘有效成分提取及提取物对奶牛乳房炎致病菌的抑制效果[J].生物技术进展,2014,4(4):292-295,305.
[9] 吕平,韦丽君,黄强,等.中草药提取物与酶复合物对牛乳房炎病原菌的抑菌效果[J].西北农业学报,2012,21(3):32-37.
[10] 潘佳亮,刘平平,魏成威,等.奶牛隐性乳房炎敏感性中草药组方随机区组筛选试验[J]. 黑龙江畜牧兽医,2012,4(7):129-131.
[11] 郝景锋,李静姬,张宇航,等.20 味中药对奶牛隐性乳房炎3 种病原菌体外抑菌效果比较[J].中国兽医杂志,2017,53(2):55-58.
[12] 钟华晨,王丽芳,张三粉,等.复合植物水提物对奶牛乳房炎致病菌的体外抑制效果[J].饲料工业,2020,41(18):17-22.
[13] Jia P,Tu Y,Liu Z,et al.Diets supplementation with Bacillus subtilis and Macleaya cordata extract improve production performance and the metabolism of energy and nitrogen,while reduce enteric methane emissions in dairy cows[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2022,294:115481.
[14] 田猛,李纯锦,易康乐,等.复方发酵中草药对奶牛隐性乳腺炎的预防和治疗[J].黑龙江动物繁殖,2020,28(1):4-8.
[15] 王飒爽,武嘉平,刘倩,等.发酵中药添加剂对奶牛乳腺炎预防效果及其产奶性能的影响研究[J].饲料研究,2019,42(7): 10-12.
[16] 杨德英. 奶牛乳房炎对乳酶活性、急性期蛋白含量的影响及其作为隐性乳房炎诊断指标的研究[D].成都:四川农业大学,2009.
[17] Depreester E,Meyer E,Demeyere K,et al.Flow cytometric assessment of myeloperoxidase in bovine blood neutrophils and monocytes[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2017,100(9):7638-7647.
[18] 孙雅望. 脂多糖引起奶牛乳腺和机体氧化应激损伤及蒲公英提取物对其阻断效果的研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2021.
[19] 栗福星. 不同水平中草药添加剂对泌乳期奶牛泌乳性能、血清生化、免疫指标及抗氧化功能的影响[J].饲料研究,2022,45(9):18-21.
[20] Zhang J,Zhang Y,Huang H,et al.Forsythoside a inhibited S. aureus stimulated inflammatory response in primary bovine mammary epithelial cells[J].Microb Pathog,2018,116:158-163.
[21] Yang W,Li H,Cong X,et al.Baicalin attenuates lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation and apoptosis of cow mammary epithelial cells by regulating NF-kappaB and HSP72[J].International Immunopharmacology,2016,40:139-145.
[1] 付畅, 李强. 现代牧场繁殖数据深度解析与效率优化策略[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(8): 2-7.
[2] 赵新春. 热应激下奶牛激素调控策略及其应用效果分析[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(8): 8-14.
[3] 及美拉. 热应激对奶牛繁殖性能的影响及生殖激素调控策略[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(8): 15-20.
[4] 周长城. 奶牛同期发情处理技术的实践应用与关键管控策略[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(8): 21-26.
[5] 张建波, 黑立新, 裴廷福, 朱高照, 胡智胜. 奶牛葡萄球菌性乳腺炎及其防御机制[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(8): 37-46.
[6] 袁文焕, 陈静怡, 张天琦, 贾春涛. 生牛乳高体细胞数的成因分析及综合防控策略[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(8): 75-80.
[7] 张廷青, 乔治, 吕宏伟. 奶牛早期胚胎死亡的综合研究与精准防控策略[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(7): 6-6.
[8] 谷粟琨, 王振成, 李志佳, 赵善江, 朱化彬, 赵慧秋. 奶牛早期胚胎损失与预防措施[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(7): 12-17.
[9] 刘明胜, 赵平. 奶牛胚胎早期死亡的多因素分析与综合防控技术研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(7): 18-23.
[10] 李阳, 杨艳芬. “双碳”目标背景下奶牛养殖绿色发展研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(7): 46-50.
[11] 朱春燕, 仝静迪, 邓波, 杨丽英, 成晓迅, 宋荣渊, 程佳. 新型补钙剂对奶牛产后低血钙症的防治作用[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(7): 51-59.
[12] 徐英霞. 复合益生菌制剂对奶牛生产性能、瘤胃发酵和血清指标的影响[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(7): 60-65.
[13] 刘来可, 王丽静, 刘桂芹. 2020—2023年山东阳谷县奶畜布鲁氏菌病基线调查报告[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(7): 65-70.
[14] 马祥群. 常见奶牛皱胃疾病的防治[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(7): 77-83.
[15] 蔡锦纯, 李永健, 焦陇玲, 张润泽, 周明, 齐亚银. 奶牛临床型乳房炎主要致病菌的分离鉴定及综合防控——以新疆某规模牧场为例[J]. 中国乳业, 2025, 0(7): 84-89.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!