奶牛同期发情-定时输精技术在规模牧场的实践效果分析

doi:10.12377/1671-4393.26.06.12

中国乳业 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (6): 100-105.doi: 10.12377/1671-4393.26.06.12

奶牛同期发情-定时输精技术在规模牧场的实践效果分析

曹荣昌¹, 杨光鑫², 李金海², 杨晓伟², 周群^1,*

1.大理农林职业技术学院,云南大理 671003;
2.鹤庆县现代农业庄园有限公司,云南鹤庆 671500

出版日期:2026-06-25 发布日期:2026-07-22
通讯作者: ^*周群（1994-）,女,福建南平县人,硕士,助教,研究方向为基础兽医学。
作者简介:曹荣昌（1990-）,男,云南南涧县人,硕士,讲师,研究方向为奶牛生产技术;杨光鑫（2000-）,男,云南巍山县人,彝族,专科,研究方向奶牛扩繁技术;李金海（1989-）,男,云南洱源县人,白族,专科,助理兽医师,研究方向为奶牛繁殖技术;杨晓伟（1990-）,男,云南剑川县人,白族,本科,兽医师,研究方向为奶牛疾病防治。
基金资助:
2022年云南省教育厅科学研究资金项目（2022J1650）

Analysis on the Practical Effects of Synchronized Estrus-timed Artificial Insemination Technology in Large-scale Dairy Farms

CAO Rongchang¹, YANG Guangxin², LI Jinhai², YANG Xiaowei², ZHOU Qun^1,*

1. Dali Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture and Forestry,Yunnan Dali 671003;
2. Heqing Modern Agricultural Manor Co.,Ltd.,Yunnan Heqing 671500

Online:2026-06-25 Published:2026-07-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的] 规模化奶牛养殖快速发展,传统发情鉴定模式效率偏低,同期发情-定时输精技术成为牧场提升繁殖管理水平的重要手段之一,在国内各大牧场得到广泛应用。[方法] 本试验以云南某规模化荷斯坦牛场泌乳牛为对象,采用双同期方案、自然发情配种、空怀母牛再同期方案三种模式处理,全年按月统计参配数量、受孕数量及受胎率,运用SPSS 26.0软件进行数据统计分析。[结果] 自然发情组平均受胎率为50.63%,双同期组为 47.04%,两组差异不显著（P>0.05）;空怀母牛再同期组受胎率仅33.15%,极显著低于前两组（P<0.01）。受转群、热应激等因素影响,牧场冬春交替、盛夏阶段的牛群整体受胎率出现明显下降。[结论] 双同期发情-定时输精技术可实现100%参配率,综合应用效果接近自然发情配种,适合在云南高原规模化奶牛场推广;空怀母牛繁殖障碍问题突出,仅依靠同期技术难以彻底解决,需配套强化产后护理、生殖疾病防控与环境管控。

关键词: 奶牛, 规模牧场, 同期发情, 双同期, 定时输精, 受胎率

Abstract: [Objective] With the rapid development of large-scale dairy farming,the traditional estrus identification method can no longer meet the production demands. Synchronized estrus-timed artificial insemination technology has been widely popularized to improve the reproductive management efficiency of dairy farms.[Method] Lactating Holstein cows from a large-scale dairy farm in Yunnan were selected as experimental animals. Three treatment groups were set up,including double synchronization group,natural estrus group and resynchronization group for open cows. The number of mated cows,pregnant cows and conception rate were recorded monthly throughout the year,and all data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0.[Result] The average conception rate of the natural estrus group was 50.63%,and that of the double synchronization group was 47.04%,with no significant difference between the two groups （P>0.05）. The conception rate of open cows in resynchronization group was only 33.15%,which was extremely significantly lower than the other two groups （P<0.01）. Due to herd transfer and heat stress,the overall conception rate decreased obviously in late winter,early spring and summer.[Conclusion] The double synchronization technology can achieve 100% mating rate,and its comprehensive effect is equivalent to natural estrus mating,which is suitable for large-scale dairy farms in Yunnan plateau area. Reproductive disorders of open cows are serious and cannot be solved merely by estrus synchronization. It is necessary to strengthen postpartum care,reproductive disease prevention and environmental management in daily production.

Key words: cows, large-scale dairy farm, synchronized estrus, double synchronization, timed artificial insemination, pregnancy rate

曹荣昌, 杨光鑫, 李金海, 杨晓伟, 周群. 奶牛同期发情-定时输精技术在规模牧场的实践效果分析[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(6): 100-105.

CAO Rongchang, YANG Guangxin, LI Jinhai, YANG Xiaowei, ZHOU Qun. Analysis on the Practical Effects of Synchronized Estrus-timed Artificial Insemination Technology in Large-scale Dairy Farms[J]. China Dairy, 2026, 0(6): 100-105.

参考文献

[1] 韩萌,王晶,祝文琪,等.我国规模奶牛场繁殖性能现状分析[J]. 畜牧与兽医,2023,55(11):124-131.
[2] 向辉,桂林森,杨迪,等.奶牛同期发情 - 定时输精技术研究进展[J].畜牧兽医学报,2024,55(4):1412-1422.
[3] Souza A,Ayres H,Ferreira R, et al.A new presynchronization system (Double-Ovsynch) increases fertility at first postpartum timed AI in lactating dairy cows[J].Theriogenology,2008,70(2):208-215.
[4] Dirandeh E,Roodbari R A,Colazo M .Double-Ovsynch, compared with presynch with or without GnRH, improves fertility in heat-stressed lactating dairy cows[J].Theriogenology,2015,83(3):438-443.
[5] 郑红东,王铂.高产奶牛孕检后同期发情程序选择的研究[J]. 中国乳业,2021 (3):49-52.
[6] Rodrigues B W,Silva S A,Silva B C J , et al.Timed artificial insemination plus heat II: gonadorelin injection in cows with low estrus expression scores increased pregnancy in progesterone/estradiol-based protocol[J].animal,2019,13(10):2313-2318.
[7] 周长城. 奶牛同期发情处理技术的实践应用与关键管控策略[J]. 中国乳业,2025 (8):21-26.
[8] 杨伟刚,李晓燕,王建军,等.不同季节不同生产因素对荷斯坦奶牛性控冻精人工输精受胎率的影响[J].中国牛业科学,2024,50(3):14-16.
[9] 丁志君. 同期发情技术在规模化奶牛场中的应用[J]. 中国乳业,2022(9):25-28.

相关文章 15

[1]	张文学. 多组学技术驱动下奶牛营养免疫精准调控研究进展[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(6): 49-55.
[2]	艾合买提·买买提. 热应激对奶牛繁殖性能的影响及综合调控[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(6): 57-64.
[3]	郭志坚. 热应激下母牛繁殖管理中布舍瑞林的应用[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(6): 65-74.
[4]	谷粟琨, 朱庆利, 赵善江, 朱化彬, 李志佳, 潘兵, 赵慧秋. 热应激对奶牛早期胚胎存活的影响与机制[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(6): 75-82.
[5]	陈军, 杨立广, 张婷, 邹庆建. 基于SWOT分析的聊城市规模以下奶牛养殖业发展路径和对策研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(6): 83-89.
[6]	高静. 中药复方制剂对奶牛乳房炎主要病原菌的抑菌效果试验[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(6): 106-110.
[7]	刘照雷. 益生菌制剂在降低奶牛乳房炎发生率中的应用效果评价[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(6): 111-116.
[8]	周鑫宇, 刘长全. 奶牛养殖场土地配套政策的演进逻辑、现实困境与优化路径[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(5): 2-10.
[9]	施福明, 张泰彪, 朱宝霞, 杨世林. 兰州奶牛场DHI数据对比分析及管理优化建议[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(5): 24-29.
[10]	张永芳. 中兽药复方与西药治疗奶牛胎衣不下效果对比研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(5): 36-40.
[11]	王礞礞, 赵永峰, 王耀武, 杨旭, 韩萌, 田园, 王晶, 王煜东. 基于精准营养的奶牛产后低血钙症补钙策略及博威钙应用[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(5): 55-62.
[12]	段红宾, 赵新春. 奶牛乳腺炎抗生素治疗替代方法综述[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(5): 63-70.
[13]	陶子奇, 阿尔斯别克·朱马买买提, 李亚丽, 弓超, 王博, 罗万和, 吾买尔江·牙合甫, 郝智慧, 孙岩, 韩俊成, 戴小华. 中药复方乳立康对奶牛乳房炎的临床疗效研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(5): 71-78.
[14]	周娟娟, 葛陇利, 曹云龙, 史晓莉, 刘红颖, 边会龙, 伊晨刚. 奶山羊同期发情与人工授精技术的应用效果及影响因素分析[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(4): 14-19.
[15]	王子龙, 秦士刚. 饲料中添加蛋氨酸二肽对奶牛产奶性能的影响研究[J]. 中国乳业, 2026, 0(4): 28-32.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

奶牛同期发情-定时输精技术在规模牧场的实践效果分析

Analysis on the Practical Effects of Synchronized Estrus-timed Artificial Insemination Technology in Large-scale Dairy Farms

PDF (PC)

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 0